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The European Union (EU)’s engagement with the developing world is best described as a policy patchwork. Different frameworks are used for the African, Caribbean, Pacific (ACP) states, Latin America, China, India, most of Asia, and arguably, North Africa. Europe has negotiated framework cooperation agreements with some 15 Asian and Latin American countries; it has similar agreements with three regional groupings (ASEAN, the Andean Pact, and Central America); it has begun the Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) process; it operates cooperation or association agreements with the Maghreb and Mashrek states, as well as with four other Mediterranean countries; and, lastly, it also has special relationships with a multitude of Member State overseas departments and territories. By far the most structured and important historical relationship, however, was the Lomé Convention, which in June 2000 was superceded by the Cotonou Agreement and now embraces almost all the developing countries of the Caribbean, Pacific, and sub-Saharan Africa.
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